This is a collection of documents, reports, and summaries of early efforts to improve the economic aspects of poultry production through breeding and disease control. Included are newsletters, publications, and reports of various Federal and State agencies and commercial organizations relating to the poultry industry (1906-79) and the early history of the National Poultry Improvement Plan (NPIP) (1933-55). Various reports show the number of chickens and turkeys blood tested for Salmonella pullorum and the percent reactors (1923-48) and different selection and blood testing schools (1936-47). Proposed changes to the NPIP regulations (1936-78), minutes of the General Conference Committee (1944-78) and the Regional Conferences of NPIP Supervisors and Inspectors (1940-61 and 1977) are part of the collection. Reports on the performance of fowl in the Record of Performance (ROP) and Register of Merit (ROM) (1935-68) programs and the Random Sample Egg Production Tests (1959-80), the Turkey Performance Tests (1955-67) and the Chicken Meat Production Tests (1960-63) account for another part of this file. Wire and tape recordings of the NPIP Conferences (1954-82) and the registered trade marks of the NPIP emblems and poultry breeding farms (1940-67) issued by the U.S. Patent Office complete this extensive collection.